Authors: Jan Wehkamp, Ju¨rgen Harder, Kai Wehkamp, Birte Wehkamp-von Meissner, Miriam Schlee, Corinne Enders, Ulrich Sonnenborn, Sabine Nuding, Stig Bengmark, Klaus Fellermann, Jens Michael Schröder, and Eduard F. Stange.
Published: INFECTION AND IMMUNITY, Oct. 2004.
The study was conducted in vitro using intestinal epithelial cell lines.
Design: The research investigated how the probiotic bacterium Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 stimulates the expression of human beta defensin-2 (hBD-2) in intestinal epithelial cells. Key transcription factors NF-κB and AP-1 were studied for their involvement in mediating this response.
Treatment: Epithelial cells were exposed to E. coli Nissle 1917, focusing on its impact on hBD-2 expression and the underlying molecular pathways. Control groups and comparisons with other bacterial strains were also included.
Where and When: Laboratory setting, University-affiliated research institutions, published in October 2004.
Sample Size: Not directly applicable (focus was on cell lines, not human or animal cohorts).
Sample Criteria: The study utilized human intestinal epithelial cell lines (e.g., Caco-2 and HT-29) to model the gut epithelium.
Analysed Material: Cell cultures and RNA samples were analyzed to measure hBD-2 mRNA expression levels.. Immunohistochemistry and reporter assays assessed protein expression and transcription factor activation.
Results
E. coli Nissle 1917 and other probiotic bacteria are potent activators of hBD-2 gene expression in colonic epithelial cells.
Indicative Results
The results indicate that probiotic bacteria, in contrast to most nonprobiotic E. coli strains, potently induce the antimicrobial peptide hBD-2 in intestinal epithelial cells.
The fact that several probiotic bacteria, including several lactobacilli, induce hBD-2 suggests that the induction of antimicrobial peptides such as hBD-2 may be a common feature of probiotics which enables these bacteria to strengthen barrier function. (s. 5756).
The probiotic properties of E. coli Nissle 1917 include stimulating an innate immune response via defensin production, highlighting its anti-inflammatory and barrier-protective effects.
The study suggests exploring the therapeutic potential of E. coli Nissle 1917 in inflammatory bowel disease and other gut-related disorders.
Further in vivo studies are needed to confirm the clinical relevance and explore interactions with other components of the gut microbiota.
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